Japan · Etiquette
Japan — Cultural Etiquette
Highest masculinity score in Asia; high uncertainty avoidance. Codified service rituals; foreigners may face soft refusals.
Cultural Dimensions (Hofstede)
PDI
54
IDV
46
MAS
95
UAI
92
LTO
88
IND
42
Source: Hofstede dimension data matrix (geerthofstede.com).
What This Means in Practice
Power Distance
· 54/100Mid-range power-distance: informal address usually fine after introduction.
Individualism
· 46/100Mixed individualism: relationships matter but transactions are clear-cut.
Achievement Orientation
· 95/100High achievement-orientation: status and assertiveness valued; expect provider self-presentation to lean confident and decisive.
Uncertainty Avoidance
· 92/100High uncertainty-avoidance: expect detailed booking processes, written confirmations, and rule-following. Improvising or "playing it by ear" can read as unprofessional.
Indulgence
· 42/100Mid-range: balance of restraint and expression; reading the room matters.
Do
- ✓Remove shoes when entering any private space
- ✓Bow slightly when greeting; bow more deeply for hierarchical respect
- ✓Use both hands when offering or receiving cash
Don't
- ✗Tip — it can be insulting in many contexts
- ✗Eat or drink while walking
- ✗Be loud on public transport
Quick Reference
- Languages: Japanese; English limited
- Currency: Japanese Yen (JPY)
- Emergency: 110 police, 119 medical
Related
Cultural-dimension scores from the Hofstede dimension data matrix (geerthofstede.com); etiquette specifics curated from local sources, embassy guidance, and community contributions. Last verified April 2026.